Chengetedzo Yekuita Budget: CapEx vs OpEx
ziviso
Pasinei nehukuru hwebhizinesi, chengetedzo chinhu chisingagone kutaurirana uye chinofanira kuwanikwa pamativi ese. Pamberi pekuzivikanwa kwe "sevhisi" yegore yekuunza modhi, mabhizinesi aifanira kuve neavo ekuchengetedza zvivakwa kana kuvahadha. A kudzidza yakaitwa neIDC yakaona kuti kushandisa mari pazvinhu zvine chekuita nekuchengetedza, software, nemasevhisi zvinotarisirwa kusvika paUS$174.7 bhiriyoni muna 2024, paine huwandu hwekukura pagore (CAGR) hwe8.6% kubva 2019 kusvika 2024. Dambudziko rakatarisana nemabhizinesi mazhinji nderekusarudza. pakati peCapEx neOpEx kana kuenzanisa zvese pazvinenge zvichidikanwa. Muchikamu chino, tinotarisa izvo zvekufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza pakati peCapEx neOpEx.
Mari Yakashandiswa
CapEx (Capital Expenditure) inoreva kukwira-mberi kunoitwa nebhizinesi kutenga, kuvaka, kana kugadzirisa midziyo ine kukosha kwenguva refu uye inofungidzirwa kuti inobatsira kupfuura gore razvino remari. CapEx inguva yakajairika yekudyara kunoitwa mumidziyo yepanyama, zvivakwa, uye zvivakwa zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza mabasa. Muchirevo chebhajeti rekuchengetedza, CapEx inovhara zvinotevera:
- Hardware: Izvi zvinosanganisira kudyara mumidziyo yekuchengetedza yemuviri senge firewall, intrusion yekuona uye yekudzivirira masisitimu (IDPS), chengetedzo. ruzivo uye chiitiko manejimendi (SIEM) masisitimu, uye zvimwe zvekuchengetedza midziyo.
- Software: Izvi zvinosanganisira mari mumarezinesi esoftware ekuchengetedza, senge antivirus software, encryption software, vulnerability scanning maturusi, uye zvimwe zvine chekuita nekuchengetedza.
- Infrastructure: Izvi zvinosanganisira mutengo wekuvaka kana kusimudzira nzvimbo dzedata, network network, uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvemuviri zvinodiwa pakuchengetedza mabasa.
- Implementation and Deployment: Izvi zvinosanganisira mari ine chekuita nekuita uye kuendesa zvigadziriso zvekuchengetedza, zvinosanganisira kuisirwa, kumisikidzwa, kuyedzwa, uye kubatanidza nemasisitimu aripo.
Operating Expenditure
OpEx (Mutengo Wekushandisa) ndiyo inoenderera mberi inodhura iyo sangano kuchengetedza mashandiro ayo enguva dzose, ayo anosanganisira kuchengetedza mashandiro. Mari yeOpEx inowanikwa kakawanda kuchengetedza kushanda kwekuchengetedza mabasa. Muchirevo chebhajeti rekuchengetedza, OpEx inovhara zvinotevera:
- Kunyoreswa uye Kugadzirisa: Izvi zvinosanganisira kubhadharisa mari dzekuchengetedza masevhisi akadai sekutyisidzira intelligence feed, kuchengetedzwa kwekutarisa masevhisi, uye mari yekuchengetedza yesoftware uye hardware zvibvumirano zvekutsigira.
- Zvishandiso uye Zvekushandisa: Izvi zvinosanganisira mutengo wezvishandiso, zvakaita semagetsi, mvura, uye kubatana kweinternet, zvinodiwa kuti ushande mabasa ekuchengetedza, pamwe nezvinobatika senge maprinter cartridge uye zvemuhofisi.
- Cloud Services: Izvi zvinosanganisira mutengo une chekuita nekushandisa makore-based chengetedzo masevhisi, senge cloud-based firewalls, cloud access security broker (CASB), uye mamwe cloud security solutions.
- Kupindura kweChiitiko uye Kugadzirisa: Izvi zvinosanganisira mari ine chekuita nekupindura chiitiko uye kuedza kugadzirisa, kusanganisira forensics, kuongorora, uye kudzoreredza zviitiko kana pakatyorwa kuchengetedzwa kana chiitiko.
- Mihoro: Izvi zvinosanganisira mihoro, mabhonasi, mabhenefiti, uye mari yekudzidzira yevashandi vekuchengetedza, kusanganisira vanoongorora zvekuchengetedza, mainjiniya, uye dzimwe nhengo dzechikwata chekuchengetedza.
- Kudzidzisa uye Kuzivisa Zvirongwa: Izvi zvinosanganisira mutengo we kuchengetedzwa kwekuziva zvirongwa zvekudzidzisa zvakaita se phishing simulation yevashandi, pamwe nekuenderera mberi kudzidziswa kwekuchengetedza uye chitupa chenhengo dzechikwata chekuchengetedza.
CapEx vs OpEx
Nepo aya mazwi maviri ane chekuita nemitengo mumari yebhizinesi, pane misiyano mikuru pakati peCapEx neOpEx kushandisa iyo inogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakakosha pakuchengetedzeka kwebhizinesi.
Mari yeCapEx inowanzobatanidzwa nekudyara kwepamberi mune zvekuchengetedza zvinhu zvinoderedza kuratidzwa kune zvinogona kutyisidzira. Zvinhu izvi zvinotarisirwa kupa kukosha kwenguva refu kusangano uye mari yacho inowanzoderedzwa pamusoro pehupenyu hunobatsira hwezvinhu. Kusiyana neizvi, mari yeOpEx inowanikwa kuti ishande nekuchengetedza chengetedzo. Inobatanidzwa nemari inodzokororwa inodiwa kuchengetedza mabasa ekuchengetedza zuva nezuva ebhizinesi. Nekuda kwekuti kushandiswa kweCapEx imari yepamberi, inogona kunge iine mari yakawanda kuchinja pane kushandisa kweOpEx, inogona kunge iine mari shoma yekutanga asi inozokura nekufamba kwenguva.
Kazhinji, mari yeCapEx inowanzo kuve yakakodzera kune yakakura, imwe-nguva yekudyara mune cybersecurity zvivakwa kana mapurojekiti, akadai sekugadzirisazve kuchengetedzwa kwekuvaka. Nekuda kweizvozvo, inogona kuve isingachinjiki uye inoshoreka kana ichienzaniswa neOpEx kushandisa. Mari yeOpEx, iyo inodzokororwa nguva nenguva, inobvumira kuchinjika uye scalability, sezvo masangano anogona kugadzirisa mari yavo yekushandisa zvichienderana nekuchinja kwavo uye zvavanoda.
Chii chekufunga kana uchisarudza pakati peCapEx uye OpEx kushandisa
Kana zvasvika pakushandisa cybersecurity, izvo zvinotariswa zvekusarudza pakati peCapEx neOpEx zvakafanana nekushandiswa kwese, asi nezvimwe zvekuwedzera zvakanangana necybersecurity:
- Chengetedzo Inodiwa uye Njodzi: Paunenge uchifunga pakati peCapEx neOpEx kushandisa, mabhizinesi anofanirwa kuongorora zvavanoda cybersecurity uye njodzi. Kudyara kweCapEx kunogona kuve kwakakodzera kune yenguva refu yekuchengetedza zvivakwa kana zvinodiwa zvemidziyo, senge firewall, intrusion yekuona masisitimu, kana kuchengetedza midziyo. Mari yeOpEx, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kuve yakakodzera kune inoenderera mberi masevhisi ekuchengetedza, kunyoreswa, kana yakagadziriswa kuchengetedza mhinduro.
- Tekinoroji uye Innovation: Munda wecybersecurity unogara uchibuda, nekutyisidzira kutsva uye matekinoroji ari kubuda nguva dzose. Kudyara kweCapEx kunopa mabhizinesi kutonga kukuru pamusoro pemidziyo pamwe nekuchinjika uye kugona kutora matekinoroji matsva uye kugara pamberi pekutyisidzira kuri kubuda. OpEx mari, kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kubvumira masangano kuti akwidziridze masevhisi ekuchengetedza kana zvigadziriso pasina kukosha kwekudyara kwepamberi.
- Unyanzvi uye Zviwanikwa: Cybersecurity inoda hunyanzvi hunyanzvi uye zviwanikwa kuti ugone kubata nekudzikisa njodzi. Kudyara kweCapEx kungada zvimwe zviwanikwa zvekugadzirisa, kutarisa, uye kutsigirwa, nepo OpEx mari inogona kusanganisira inochengetedzwa masevhisi ekuchengetedza kana sarudzo dzekunze dzinopa mukana wehunyanzvi hwekuita pasina zvimwe zvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
- Kutevedzera uye Kudzora Zvinodiwa: Masangano anogona kunge aine chaiyo yekuteedzera uye yekudzora zvinodiwa zvine chekuita nekushandisa cybersecurity. Kudyara kweCapEx kungangoda kutariswa kwekuwedzera, sekutevedzwa kweasset, manejimendi ezvekutengesa, uye kushuma, zvichienzaniswa nemari yeOpEx. Masangano anofanirwa kuona kuti maitiro avo ekushandisa cybersecurity anoenderana nezvisungo zvavo zvekuteerera.
- Bhizinesi Kuenderera uye Resilience: Cybersecurity yakakosha pakuchengetedza kuenderera kwebhizinesi uye kusimba. Mabhizinesi anofanirwa kunyatso ongorora maitiro ekushandisa cybersecurity sarudzo pakuenderera kwebhizinesi ravo rose uye nzira dzekusimba. Kudyara kweCapEx mune zvisingaite kana ma backup masisitimu anogona kuve akakodzera kune mabhizinesi ane yakanyanya kusimba zvinodiwa, nepo OpEx mari yegore-yakavakirwa gore kana inochengetedzwa masevhisi ekuchengetedza inogona kupa inodhura sarudzo kumabhizinesi madiki.
- Mutengesi uye Contractual Kufunga: Kudyara kweCapEx mucybersecurity kunogona kusanganisira zvibvumirano zvenguva refu nevashambadzi vetekinoroji, nepo OpEx mari inogona kusanganisira zvibvumirano zvenguva pfupi kana kunyoreswa nevanochengetedzwa vanochengetedza masevhisi. Mabhizinesi anofanirwa kunyatso ongorora mutengesi uye zvibvumirano zvinotariswa zvine chekuita neCapEx neOpEx kushandisa, kusanganisira mazwi ekondirakiti, zvibvumirano zvechikamu chebasa, uye nzira dzekubuda.
- Yese Mutengo Wevaridzi (TCO): Kuongorora mutengo wakazara wevaridzi (TCO) pamusoro pehupenyu hwekuchengetedza midziyo kana mhinduro kwakakosha pakusarudza pakati peCapEx neOpEx kushandisa. TCO inosanganisira kwete chete mari yekutanga yekutora asiwo inoenderera mberi yekugadzirisa, tsigiro, uye mamwe mari yekushandisa.
mhedziso
Mubvunzo weCapEx kana OpEx yekuchengetedza haisi imwe ine mhinduro yakajeka-yakatemwa pabhodhi. Pane huwandu hwezvinhu zvinosanganisira zvirambidzo zvebhajeti zvinopesvedzera kuti mabhizinesi anoita sei mhinduro dzekuchengetedza. Zvinoenderana neCybersecurity Cloud-yakavakirwa chengetedzo mhinduro, dzinowanzo kupatsanurwa seOpEx mari, dziri kuwana mukurumbira nekuda kwekusagadzikana kwavo uye kuchinjika.. Zvisinei nekuti kushandisa kweCapEx kana kushandisa OpEx, chengetedzo inofanira kugara iri pamberi.
HailBytes ikambani yegore-yekutanga cybersecurity inopa nyore-kubatanidza maneja ekuchengetedza masevhisi. Mamiriro edu eAWS anopa kugadzirwa-akagadzirira kutumirwa pane zvinodiwa. Unogona kuvaedza mahara nekutishanyira pamusika weAWS.
