WHOIS vs RDAP
Chii chinonzi WHOIS?
Vazhinji varidzi vewebhusaiti vanosanganisira nzira yekubata navo pawebhusaiti yavo. Inogona kunge iri email, kero, kana nhamba yefoni. Zvisinei, vakawanda havadaro. Zvakare, hazvisi zvese zviwanikwa zveinternet mawebhusaiti. Munhu anowanzoda kuita basa rakawedzerwa achishandisa midziyo senge myip.ms kana who.is kuwana ruzivo rwekunyoresa pane izvi zviwanikwa. Aya mawebhusaiti anoshandisa protocol inonzi WHOIS.
WHOIS yave iripo kwenguva yakareba sekunge internet yave iri, kumashure apo yakanga ichiri kuzivikanwa seARPANet. Yakagadzirirwa kudzorera ruzivo nezve vanhu uye masangano ari paARPANET. WHOIS ikozvino inoshandiswa kutora ruzivo pamusoro pemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeInternet zviwanikwa uye yakashandiswa kuita kudaro kwemakumi mana emakore apfuura.
Kunyange iyo yazvino WHOIS protocol, inozivikanwawo sePort 43 WHOIS, yaita zvakanaka munguva iyoyo, yakavewo nekudarika kwakati kwaida kugadziriswa. Kwemakore, iyo Internet Corporation Yemazita Nenhamba Akapihwa, ICANN, yakacherekedza zvikanganiso izvi uye yakaona zvinotevera sematambudziko makuru eiyo WHOIS protocol:
- Kusakwanisa kutendesa vashandisi
- Tarisa chete kugona, hapana rutsigiro rwekutsvaga
- Hapana rubatsiro rwepasi rose
- Hapana yakamisikidzwa mubvunzo uye mhinduro fomati
- Hapana yakamira nzira yekuziva kuti ndeipi server yekubvunza
- Kusakwanisa kutendesa sevha kana encrypt data pakati pemutengi neserver.
- Kushaikwa kweyakajairwa redirection kana referensi.
Kugadzirisa matambudziko aya, IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) yakagadzira RDAP.
Chii chinonzi RDAP?
RDAP (Registry Data Access Protocol) iprotocol yemubvunzo uye mhinduro inoshandiswa kutora internet resource registration data kubva kuDomain Name Registries neRegional Internet Registries. IETF yakaigadzira kuti igadzirise zvese zviri kuitika muPort 43 WHOIS protocol.
Mumwe wemisiyano mikuru pakati peRDP nePort 43 WHOIS kupihwa kwemubvunzo wakarongeka uye wakamisikidzwa uye maitiro emhinduro. RAP mhinduro dzirimo JSON, inozivikanwa yakarongeka yakarongeka yekufambisa uye kuchengetedza fomati. Izvi zvakasiyana neiyo WHOIS protocol, ine mhinduro dziri mumavara manyorerwo.
Kunyangwe JSON isingaverengeke semavara, zviri nyore kubatanidza mune mamwe masevhisi, zvichiita kuti ive inoshanduka kupfuura WHOIS. Nekuda kweizvi, RDAP inogona kuitwa zviri nyore pawebhusaiti kana seyekuraira-mutsara chishandiso.
API Promotion:
Kusiyana pakati peRDP ne WHOIS
Pazasi pane misiyano mikuru pakati peiyo RDAP neWHOIS protocol:
Yakamisikidzwa Mubvunzo uye Mhinduro: RDAP iRESTful protocol inobvumira zvikumbiro zveHTTP. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanise kuunza mhinduro dzinosanganisira macode ekukanganisa, kuzivikanwa kwemushandisi, huchokwadi, uye kutonga kwekuwana. Inopawo mhinduro yayo muJSON, sezvambotaurwa.
Differentiated Access To Registration Data: Nekuti RDAP iri RESTful, inogona kushandiswa kudoma akasiyana mazinga evashandisi. Semuenzaniso, vashandisi vasingazivikanwe vanogona kupihwa mukana wakaganhurirwa, nepo vashandisi vakanyoreswa vachipihwa mukana wakazara.
Tsigiro Yekushandiswa Kwepasirese: Vateereri vepasi rese havana kutariswa pakavakwa WHOIS. Nekuda kweizvi, maseva mazhinji eWHOIS nevatengi vakashandisa US-ASCII uye havana kufunga nezverutsigiro rwepasirese kusvika gare gare. Zviri kumutengi wekushandisa ari kushandisa WHOIS protocol kuita chero dudziro. RDAP, kune rumwe rutivi, ine rutsigiro rwepasi rose rwakavakwa mairi.
Tsigiro yeBootstrap: RDAP inotsigira bootstrapping, ichibvumira mibvunzo kuti iendeswe kune inotenderwa sevha kana data rakakodzera rikasawanikwa pane yekutanga server yakabvunzwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kuti kutsvaga kwakawanda kuitwe. WHOIS masisitimu haana ruzivo rwakabatana nenzira iyi, ichidzikamisa huwandu hwe data inodzoserwa kubva kumubvunzo.
Kunyangwe RDAP yakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa nyaya neWHOIS (uye pamwe kuitsiva rimwe zuva), iyo Internet Corporation Yemazita Akapihwa Uye Nhamba inongoda gTLD registries uye akaremerwa maregistrars kuti ashandise RDAP padivi neWHOIS uye kwete kuitsiva zvachose.
